The companies working to commercialize fusion.
A private fusion industry barely existed a decade ago. Today more than 40 companies have raised over $7 billion to commercialize fusion, by very different routes. Filter by approach to see who is pursuing what.
Commonwealth Fusion Systems
USA
High-field SPARC tokamak using HTS magnets; building the ARC power plant in Virginia.
Tokamak Energy
UK
Compact spherical tokamaks paired with high-temperature superconducting magnets.
Energy Singularity
China
Built HH70, the first fully high-temperature-superconducting tokamak; pursuing compact HTS machines.
ENN Energy Research
China
Energy firm building the EHL-2 spherical torus for aneutronic proton-boron fusion.
Startorus Fusion
China
Xi’an-based spherical tokamak developer growing out of China’s university SUNIST program.
Firefly Fusion
France
Compact, high-field tokamaks built with copper and HTS magnet coils.
Type One Energy
USA
Optimized stellarator power plants building on Wendelstein 7-X physics.
Proxima Fusion
Germany
Spin-out of the Max Planck IPP pursuing high-performance quasi-isodynamic stellarators.
Renaissance Fusion
France
Simplified stellarators using liquid-metal walls and HTS magnets.
Thea Energy
USA
Planar-coil stellarator using arrays of simple magnets to shape the field.
Gauss Fusion
Europe
Pan-European consortium engineering a demonstration stellarator power plant.
Helical Fusion
Japan
Steady-state heliotron/stellarator drawing on Japan’s LHD program.
Marvel Fusion
Germany
Short-pulse laser-driven inertial fusion with nanostructured targets.
Focused Energy
Germany / USA
Direct-drive, fast-ignition laser fusion building on NIF-era physics.
Xcimer Energy
USA
Low-cost, high-energy excimer laser architecture for inertial fusion plants.
First Light Fusion
UK
Projectile-driven inertial fusion; now licensing its amplifier targets.
HB11 Energy
Australia
Aneutronic hydrogen-boron laser fusion, with no tritium and minimal neutrons.
EX-Fusion
Japan
Direct-drive laser inertial fusion; also commercializing laser tech for space-debris removal.
Blue Laser Fusion
USA
Founded by Nobel laureate Shuji Nakamura; pulsed-laser fusion targeting proton-boron fuel.
Longview Fusion Energy Systems
USA
Laser inertial-fusion power plants designed to build directly on the NIF ignition result.
General Fusion
Canada
Magnetized target fusion using a liquid-metal liner compressed by pistons.
Pacific Fusion
USA
Pulser-driven inertial/magnetized fusion using efficient impedance-matched Marx generators.
Fuse Energy Technologies
USA
Pulsed-power fusion with Marx generators and MagLIF-style targets; also a high-yield neutron-source supplier.
NearStar Fusion
USA
Hypervelocity “plasma railgun” firing magnetized plasmoids into a target; magneto-inertial fusion.
TAE Technologies
USA
Beam-driven field-reversed configuration aiming at aneutronic p-B11 fuel.
Helion Energy
USA
Pulsed magneto-inertial FRC with direct electricity recovery; D-He3 fuel.
Princeton Fusion Systems
USA
Small field-reversed-configuration reactors (PFRC) for grid power and space propulsion.
Zap Energy
USA
Sheared-flow-stabilized Z-pinch, with no large magnets or lasers.
Avalanche Energy
USA
Electrostatic "Orbitron" microfusion devices the size of a lunchbox.
Realta Fusion
USA
Magnetic-mirror fusion spun out of the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Novatron Fusion
Sweden
A magnetostatically stable magnetic-mirror configuration.
LPPFusion
USA
Dense plasma focus device pursuing aneutronic hydrogen-boron fusion.
Acceleron Fusion
USA
Reviving muon-catalyzed fusion, using muon beams to fuse fuel at low temperature.
OpenStar Technologies
New Zealand
Levitated-dipole reactor: a floating superconducting magnet confines the plasma like a planet’s magnetosphere.
MIFTI
USA
Staged Z-pinch magneto-inertial fusion spun out of UC Irvine.
Helicity Space
USA
Magneto-inertial fusion for deep-space propulsion using twisted plasma jets.
Astral Systems
UK
Compact “Multi-State Fusion” reactors aimed at neutron and medical-isotope production.
Crossfield Fusion
UK
The “Epicyclotron” concept targeting compact ~1 MW machines.
Electric Fusion Systems
USA
Compact generator concept built around a lithium-proton fuel cycle.
Deutelio
Switzerland
Developing the “Polomac” magnetic-confinement configuration.
Kyoto Fusioneering
Japan
Fusion plant technologies: tritium fuel cycle, blankets and heating systems for developers.
Shine Technologies
USA
A step-wise fusion company today supplying neutrons, isotopes and detection.
Marathon Fusion
USA
Tritium fuel-cycle and fuel-breeding technology to make fusion plants fuel-self-sufficient.
Maps, members & market data
The directory above is a curated snapshot. These sources track companies, funding rounds and milestones across the industry.
Tokamak / Stellarator: donut-shaped magnetic "bottles" that hold a hot plasma in place with powerful magnets. Tokamaks are symmetric and pulsed; stellarators use twisted coils for steadier confinement.
Inertial / Laser: a tiny fuel pellet is hit from all sides (by lasers or projectiles) so it implodes and fuses in billionths of a second.
Magnetized target & FRC: hybrids that form a compact ball of magnetized plasma, then compress it to fusion conditions.
Z-pinch, mirrors & more: leaner geometries aiming at simpler, cheaper machines.